Star of the brain -Neural Stem cells

On the off chance that you’re new with stem cells, we all start our lives as a little bundle of them in the womb. These astonishing cells can alter their appearance, morphing into each pro cell in the body.

The stem cells present in brain called as neural stem cell – separates to become the complex blend of profoundly particular cells shaping our ‘grey matter’, including cells called astrocytes. These star-shaped cells play fantastically imperative parts in the brain, by protecting other cells and repairing those that gotten to be damaged.

A stem cell’s capacity to lay calm and, when required, to self-renew plays a key part in re-establishing and keeping up the wellbeing of our organs. Shockingly, cancer stem cells have that same property permitting them to avoid radiation and chemotherapy medicines which leads to tumor regrowth. The brain stem cells, which ordinarily direct brain improvement and support, inadvertently communicate with brain cancer cells in dangerous tumors, called gliomas, providing them a means to invade other parts of the brain.

When the neural stem cells transferred into an astrocyte, the dividing cells can make a genetic ‘spelling mistake’, which leads to a tumour made up of rogue astrocytes. But some of the tumour cells become ‘locked’ in a neural stem cell state and continue to grow uncontrollably, never becoming specialised. These cells, called glioblastoma stem cells, are thought to be important in fuelling and maintaining brain tumour growth.

There are two genes, called as p53 and H3F3A. P53 gene protects cells from becoming cancerous. The second gene called H3F3A, which is commonly faulty in childhood glioblastoma. H3F3A helps package up our DNA into chromosomes. Researchers managed to make faulty versions of both of these genes in human neural stem cells. And when they studied the cells harbouring they concluded that the faulty version of p53 gene divided faster –which is a hallmark of cancer.